Design & CSS
Colour work for the browser. Convert between HEX, RGB and HSL, pick a value and read it back in whichever notation your stylesheet wants, without hunting for the format a design tool exported.
Two things here are worth more than the conversion itself. HSL is the only common notation where adjusting a colour is intuitive, because holding the hue and changing the lightness gives you a genuinely darker version of the same colour rather than a guess. And contrast ratio is the one part of colour work that is not a matter of taste: 4.5:1 for body text, 3:1 for large text, checked rather than eyeballed. Low-contrast text is the most common accessibility failure on the web, and the easiest to catch before it ships.
Type is the other half. A single CSS clamp() line can slide a font size between a minimum and a maximum as the viewport changes, which removes a stack of breakpoints — but the middle term is easy to get wrong by hand, and wrong means text that stops scaling or scales past its bounds.
The rest are generators for the things people otherwise copy from a codepen and cannot then adjust: spinners, dots and progress bars in pure CSS with a reduced-motion fallback already written; stripes, polka dots, grids and cross-hatching built from gradients rather than an image; organic SVG blob shapes from a seed; and a cubic-bezier() easing curve you drag rather than guess, which shows you where it overshoots before you ship it.
And one that is not about making anything: seeing an image or a palette as someone with deuteranopia, protanopia, tritanopia or achromatopsia sees it. Around one man in twelve has some form of colour blindness, so a chart whose only distinction is red against green is unreadable to a real share of the people who open it.
And when a rule does not apply, specificity is one of the first things to check. Selectors, or a whole stylesheet with its nested rules, can be scored as IDs, classes and types, with :is(), :where(), :has() and the nesting selector & counted as Selectors Level 4 and CSS Nesting define them, and the most specific one is named.